The UK accounts for 2% of global GDP, meaning that 98% of the world’s market could be open to your business. However, exporting has a whole culture and language of its own. From documentation to rules and controls, compliance is vital to help businesses avoid breaches and potential prosecution.
What are export controls?
Export controls regulate the export of goods, software and technology. These controls exist to protect national security, prevent the proliferation of dangerous weapons, and support a country’s foreign policy objectives.
For the UK, export controls restrict the transfer of certain sensitive goods, software, and technology to recipients or destinations outside the UK. These rules cover physical exports as well as electronic transfers such as email, file and screen sharing, and even verbal communication. Items commonly controlled include dual-use items which have both civilian and military applications such as certain materials and chemicals, electronics, telecommunications and encryption products.
Why is compliance so important?
Compliance with export control regulations is essential for organisations to operate legally and ethically. Following these regulations help organisations avoid heavy fines, legal penalties, or even criminal charges, while also protecting their reputation with customers, partners, and regulators.
In September 2025, a UK exporter paid a compound settlement of £620,515.04 to HMRC due to unlicensed exports of military goods governed by the Export Control Order 2008. Export control regulations are enforced by HMRC in coordination with the relevant prosecuting authorities, and where appropriate, HMRC may offer a compound settlement as an alternative to prosecution.
Strong compliance practices are a strategic advantage. Organisations that adhere to export controls and other regulations are better positioned to conduct business internationally, meet partner and customer expectations, and ensure operational stability.
David Peña, Director of International Trade at Chambers Wales South East, South West and Mid, said:
“By embedding compliance into everyday operations, organisations not only protect themselves legally but also strengthen trust, promote ethical behaviour, and support long-term growth. Export control and compliance are not just regulatory requirements, they are critical pillars of responsible and sustainable business practice.
“All companies who trade goods internationally are, at some point, likely to face a Customs audit from HMRC who expect businesses to have robust procedures in place to import and export, including export controls and accurate customs declarations. This is why we encourage Chamber members and other businesses to review their compliance and activities with our Customs Compliance Audits, ensuring they are on the right track and don’t fall foul of the rules.”
How can the Chamber’s trade team help?
The Chamber’s Customs auditors can provide valuable guidance and support for any company engaged in importing or exporting goods. The specialist customs compliance team can conduct a site review to assess exposure, identify any gaps in knowledge or processes, and ensure businesses are fully compliant. Following this review, the customs compliance specialist will provide tailored recommendations, including actions and training options, to address all compliance requirements.
As export control regulations are often complex and frequently updated, employees need a clear understanding of what can and cannot be done. The Chamber offers training to help staff become self-sufficient and more familiar with exporting compliance, documentation and licenses. Through training, staff can recognise potential red flags, follow required procedures, and maintain accurate documentation, preventing legal, financial and reputational risks that may arise.
